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Making Better Use of Natural Experimental Evaluation in Population Health

Making Better Use of Natural Experimental Evaluation in Population Health

Rather than arguing about the suitability of natural experimental methods to inform decisions we need to focus on refining their scope and design, say Peter Craig and colleagues Natural experiments have long been used as opportunities to evaluate the health impacts of policies, programmes, and other interventions. Defined in the UK Medical Research Council's guidance as events outside the control of researchers that divide populations into exposed and unexposed groups, natural experiments have greatly contributed to the evidence base for tobacco and air pollution control, suicide prevention, and other important areas of public health policy.1 Although randomised controlled trials are often viewed as the best source of evidence because they have less risk of bias, reliance on them as the only source of credible evidence has begun to shift for several reasons. Firstly, policy makers are increasingly looking for evidence about "what works" to tackle pervasive and complex problems, including the social determinants of health,23 and these are hard to examine in randomised trials. In Scotland, for example, legislation to introduce a minimum retail price per unit of alcohol included a sunset clause, which means that the measure will lapse after six years unless evidence is produced that it works. This has resulted in multiple evaluations, including natural experimental studies using geographical or historical comparator groups.4 Similarly, the US National Institutes of Health has called for greater use of natural experimental methods to understand how to prevent obesity,5 and a consortium of European academies for their greater use to understand policies and interventions to reduce health inequalities.3 Secondly, a wider range of analytical methods developed within other disciplines, mostly by economists or other social or political scientists, are being increasingly applied to good effect. A good example is the use of synthetic control methods …

Focus on PhD Quality, Not Publications: We Need to Encourage Scholars to Become Inquisitive Explorers, Papers Will Naturally Follow

Focus on PhD Quality, Not Publications: We Need to Encourage Scholars to Become Inquisitive Explorers, Papers Will Naturally Follow

Does forcing students to mandatorily publish a research paper before thesis submission lead to a high-quality PhD thesis, or does high-quality PhD work lead to publications in good journals? This question is unlike the chicken...

Why is the American Right Suddenly So Interested in Psychedelic Drugs?

Why is the American Right Suddenly So Interested in Psychedelic Drugs?

Magic mushrooms are no magic cure for society's ills, and a substance as powerful as psychedelics can be dangerous if it falls into the wrong hands

The Outer Space Treaty is 55 and out of Date

The Outer Space Treaty is 55 and out of Date

Back in the 60s, the Outer Space Treaty provided us with an assurance of peace and security in the Cold War space race. So much has changed since then - so why hasn't the treaty, asks DW's Zulfikar Abbany.

How Social Sciences and Humanities Programs Can Prepare Students for Employment

How Social Sciences and Humanities Programs Can Prepare Students for Employment

Internships and work-integrated learning for social sciences and humanities students can be part of how post-secondary institutions increase their capacities to contribute to social innovation.

I Was a Presidential Science Adviser - Here Are the Many Challenges Arati Prabhakar Faces As She Takes over President Biden's Science Policy Office

I Was a Presidential Science Adviser - Here Are the Many Challenges Arati Prabhakar Faces As She Takes over President Biden's Science Policy Office

The director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy plays a critical role in achieving the president's science goals. Facilitating cooperation among the dozens of research agencies is key.

Empowering Technicians: Our Journey

Empowering Technicians: Our Journey

Professor Sam Kingman, Pro-Vice Chancellor Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham contributes to the blog series on championing the role of technicians in higher education and research.

What Kind of Science Is This?: On the Documenta Fifteen "Expert Panel" - Notes - E-flux

What Kind of Science Is This?: On the Documenta Fifteen "Expert Panel" - Notes - E-flux

Marion Detjen critiques the conclusions of the documenta fifteen "Expert Panel" on anti-Semitism.

Open Letter: Open Science Should Provide Support, Not Impose Sanctions

Open Letter: Open Science Should Provide Support, Not Impose Sanctions

Beyond ideological boundaries, the Open Science movement should address the question of whether and, if so, under which framework conditions “closeness” can be appropriate in global, political crises. Openness must not be abused to place sanctions in global, political crises by closing open offers.

EU Called Out for Bureaucratic Obstacles to Cross-Border Researcher Mobility

EU Called Out for Bureaucratic Obstacles to Cross-Border Researcher Mobility

The lifting of pandemic restrictions on travel and increased requirements in EU research programmes for researchers to spend time abroad is drawing renewed attention to the way in which blanket EU rules for managing labour flows are getting in the way.

Opinion: Feminist Science Is Not an Oxymoron

Opinion: Feminist Science Is Not an Oxymoron

Feminists have generated a set of tools to make science less biased and more robust. Why don't more scientists use it?

The Fraught Quest to Account for Sex in Biology Research

The Fraught Quest to Account for Sex in Biology Research

Funders and publishers are increasingly asking researchers to account for the role of sex in experiments - a requirement that's contentious and hard to get right.

Who'll Pay for Public Access to Federally Funded Research?

Who'll Pay for Public Access to Federally Funded Research?

The White House painted an incomplete economic picture of its new policy for free, immediate access to research produced with federal grants. Will publishers adapt their business models to comply, or will scholars be on the hook?